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Nutrient
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Immune Function
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Recommendation
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Foodstuffs containing the Nutrient
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Healthy Individuals
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Diseased/Infected Patients
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Vitamin C
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Maintenance of functional and structural integrity of mucosal cells in innate barriers
Normal functioning of T cells Antimicrobial, antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects
Antibody production Reduction of respiratory tract and lung infection risk
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200 mg/day
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1–2 g/day
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- Citrus foods such as Oranges, lemons
- Strawberries
- Peppers
- Potatoes
- Broccoli
- Plums
- Guavas
- Kiwi
- Papayas
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Vitamin D
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Maintenance of functional and structural integrity of mucosal cells in innate barriers
Normal functioning of T cells Antimicrobial, antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects
Antibody production and antigen responses Reduction of respiratory tract and lung
infection risk Alleviation of the inflammatory response
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2000 IU/day (50 µg/day)
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10,000 IU during few weeks, followed by 5000 IU (until 25– hydroxyvita min D concentration
s rise above 40–60 ng/mL (equivalent to 100–150 nmol/L))
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- Fish
- Red meat
- Egg Yolks
- Cod Liver oil
- Cheese
- Food fortified with Vitamin D like Diary Products
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Vitamin E
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Maintenance of functional and structural integrity of mucosal cells in innate barriers
Differentiation, and functioning of innate immune cells Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant
effects Antibody production and antigen responses Reduction of respiratory tract
and lung infection risk Support of T cell-mediated immunity
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15 mg/day (RDA)
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200 IU/day
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- Sunflower oil
- Sunflower seeds
- Soyabean oil
- Peanuts
- Almonds
- Pumpkin
- Spinach
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Selenium
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Differentiation, and functioning, of innate immune cells Normal functioning of T
cells Antibody production Antimicrobial, antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects
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50 µg/day
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Up to 200 µg/day
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- Egg
- Flax seeds
- Sunflower seeds
- Wheat
- Brown rice
- Mushrooms
- Chia seeds
- Barley
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Zinc
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Maintenance of functional and structural integrity of mucosal cells in innate barriers.
Differentiation, and functioning, of innate immune cells. Antimicrobial, antiinflammatory
and antioxidant effects. Antibody production and antigen response. Support of lymphocyte
and cytokine functions, and innate immunity overall. Inhibits the activity and replication
of coronavirus (SARS-CoV which caused an outbreak in 2002)
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Men: 8 mg/day Women: 11 mg/day (RDA)
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Zinc lozenges: over 75 mg/day administered within 24 h (divided into 6–8 doses,
each separated by 2–3 h when awake) Zinc gluconate: 13.3 mg/day within 3 days (at
least)
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- Pumpkin seeds
- Hemp seeds
- Kabuli Chana
- Sesame seeds
- Sunflower seeds
- Spinach
- Cashewnuts
- Almonds
- Walnuts
- Bajra
- Ragi
- Chana dal
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Iron
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Maintenance of functional and structural integrity of mucosal cells in innate barriers
Differentiation, and functioning, of innate immune cells Normal functioning of T
cells. Antimicrobial, antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects
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Men: 8 mg/day Women age 19– 50: 18 mg/day Women age > 51: 8 mg/day (RDA)
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Ferrous iron salts (ferrous sulfate and ferrous gluconate): 60 mg Fe/day (taken
with food to avoid gastric discomfort)
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- Poha
- Sprouts
- Sesame seeds
- Beetroot
- Bajra Dlour
- Cauliflower
- Jowar
- Ragi
- Nachni
- Dry Fruits
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Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA + DHA)
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Conversion to specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) such as, protectins, resolvins
and maresins to relieve the inflammation and enhance lung injury
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250–300 mg/day of EPA + DHA
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1500–3000 mg/day EPA + DHA
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- Fish (Salmon)
- Walnuts
- Flax seeds
- Soyabean
- Eggs
- Spinach
- Cod Liver oil
- Cauliflower
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Multivita min suppleme nts including vitamins (A, B6, B12, C, D, E and folate) and
trace elements (Zn, Fe, Se, Mg and Cu)
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Support of the cells and tissues of the immune system overall Maintenance and development
of in innate barriers Growth and differentiation of innate cells Antibody production
and generation of memory cells Production and activity of antimicrobial proteins
Phagocytic activities of neutrophils and macrophages
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Supplying nutrient requirements according to the 100% RDA for age and gender This
is in addition to a well-balanced diet
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Multivitamin Supplements such as-
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